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//! Public/private key processing. //! //! Asymmetric public key algorithms solve the problem of establishing and sharing //! secret keys to securely send and receive messages. //! This system uses a pair of keys: a public key, which can be freely //! distributed, and a private key, which is kept to oneself. An entity may //! encrypt information using a user's public key. The encrypted information can //! only be deciphered using that user's private key. //! //! This module offers support for five popular algorithms: //! //! * RSA //! //! * DSA //! //! * Diffie-Hellman //! //! * Elliptic Curves //! //! * HMAC //! //! These algorithms rely on hard mathematical problems - namely integer factorization, //! discrete logarithms, and elliptic curve relationships - that currently do not //! yield efficient solutions. This property ensures the security of these //! cryptographic algorithms. //! //! # Example //! //! Generate a 2048-bit RSA public/private key pair and print the public key. //! //! ```rust //! //! extern crate openssl; //! //! use openssl::rsa::Rsa; //! use openssl::pkey::PKey; //! use std::str; //! //! fn main() { //! let rsa = Rsa::generate(2048).unwrap(); //! let pkey = PKey::from_rsa(rsa).unwrap(); //! //! let pub_key: Vec<u8> = pkey.public_key_to_pem().unwrap(); //! println!("{:?}", str::from_utf8(pub_key.as_slice()).unwrap()); //! } //! ``` use ffi; use foreign_types::{ForeignType, ForeignTypeRef}; use libc::c_int; use std::ffi::CString; use std::mem; use std::ptr; use bio::MemBioSlice; use dh::Dh; use dsa::Dsa; use ec::EcKey; use error::ErrorStack; use rsa::Rsa; use util::{invoke_passwd_cb, CallbackState}; use {cvt, cvt_p}; /// A tag type indicating that a key only has parameters. pub enum Params {} /// A tag type indicating that a key only has public components. pub enum Public {} /// A tag type indicating that a key has private components. pub enum Private {} /// An identifier of a kind of key. #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)] pub struct Id(c_int); impl Id { /// Creates a `Id` from an integer representation. pub fn from_raw(value: c_int) -> Id { Id(value) } /// Returns the integer representation of the `Id`. pub fn as_raw(&self) -> c_int { self.0 } pub const RSA: Id = Id(ffi::EVP_PKEY_RSA); pub const HMAC: Id = Id(ffi::EVP_PKEY_HMAC); pub const DSA: Id = Id(ffi::EVP_PKEY_DSA); pub const DH: Id = Id(ffi::EVP_PKEY_DH); pub const EC: Id = Id(ffi::EVP_PKEY_EC); #[cfg(ossl111)] pub const ED25519: Id = Id(ffi::EVP_PKEY_ED25519); #[cfg(ossl111)] pub const ED448: Id = Id(ffi::EVP_PKEY_ED448); } /// A trait indicating that a key has parameters. pub unsafe trait HasParams {} unsafe impl HasParams for Params {} unsafe impl<T> HasParams for T where T: HasPublic {} /// A trait indicating that a key has public components. pub unsafe trait HasPublic {} unsafe impl HasPublic for Public {} unsafe impl<T> HasPublic for T where T: HasPrivate {} /// A trait indicating that a key has private components. pub unsafe trait HasPrivate {} unsafe impl HasPrivate for Private {} generic_foreign_type_and_impl_send_sync! { type CType = ffi::EVP_PKEY; fn drop = ffi::EVP_PKEY_free; /// A public or private key. pub struct PKey<T>; /// Reference to `PKey`. pub struct PKeyRef<T>; } impl<T> ToOwned for PKeyRef<T> { type Owned = PKey<T>; fn to_owned(&self) -> PKey<T> { unsafe { EVP_PKEY_up_ref(self.as_ptr()); PKey::from_ptr(self.as_ptr()) } } } impl<T> PKeyRef<T> { /// Returns a copy of the internal RSA key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA.html pub fn rsa(&self) -> Result<Rsa<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let rsa = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(self.as_ptr()))?; Ok(Rsa::from_ptr(rsa)) } } /// Returns a copy of the internal DSA key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA.html pub fn dsa(&self) -> Result<Dsa<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let dsa = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(self.as_ptr()))?; Ok(Dsa::from_ptr(dsa)) } } /// Returns a copy of the internal DH key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_get1_DH`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_get1_DH`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_get1_DH.html pub fn dh(&self) -> Result<Dh<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let dh = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_get1_DH(self.as_ptr()))?; Ok(Dh::from_ptr(dh)) } } /// Returns a copy of the internal elliptic curve key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY.html pub fn ec_key(&self) -> Result<EcKey<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let ec_key = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(self.as_ptr()))?; Ok(EcKey::from_ptr(ec_key)) } } /// Returns the `Id` that represents the type of this key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_id`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_id`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_id.html pub fn id(&self) -> Id { unsafe { Id::from_raw(ffi::EVP_PKEY_id(self.as_ptr())) } } /// Returns the maximum size of a signature in bytes. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_size`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_size`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man3/EVP_PKEY_size.html pub fn size(&self) -> usize { unsafe { ffi::EVP_PKEY_size(self.as_ptr()) as usize } } } impl<T> PKeyRef<T> where T: HasPublic, { to_pem! { /// Serializes the public key into a PEM-encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure. /// /// The output will have a header of `-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----`. /// /// This corresponds to [`PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY`]. /// /// [`PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY.html public_key_to_pem, ffi::PEM_write_bio_PUBKEY } to_der! { /// Serializes the public key into a DER-encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure. /// /// This corresponds to [`i2d_PUBKEY`]. /// /// [`i2d_PUBKEY`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/i2d_PUBKEY.html public_key_to_der, ffi::i2d_PUBKEY } /// Returns the size of the key. /// /// This corresponds to the bit length of the modulus of an RSA key, and the bit length of the /// group order for an elliptic curve key, for example. pub fn bits(&self) -> u32 { unsafe { ffi::EVP_PKEY_bits(self.as_ptr()) as u32 } } /// Compares the public component of this key with another. pub fn public_eq<U>(&self, other: &PKeyRef<U>) -> bool where U: HasPublic, { unsafe { ffi::EVP_PKEY_cmp(self.as_ptr(), other.as_ptr()) == 1 } } } impl<T> PKeyRef<T> where T: HasPrivate, { private_key_to_pem! { /// Serializes the private key to a PEM-encoded PKCS#8 PrivateKeyInfo structure. /// /// The output will have a header of `-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----`. /// /// This corresponds to [`PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey`]. /// /// [`PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/crypto/PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey.html private_key_to_pem_pkcs8, /// Serializes the private key to a PEM-encoded PKCS#8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo structure. /// /// The output will have a header of `-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----`. /// /// This corresponds to [`PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey`]. /// /// [`PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/crypto/PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey.html private_key_to_pem_pkcs8_passphrase, ffi::PEM_write_bio_PKCS8PrivateKey } to_der! { /// Serializes the private key to a DER-encoded key type specific format. /// /// This corresponds to [`i2d_PrivateKey`]. /// /// [`i2d_PrivateKey`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/crypto/i2d_PrivateKey.html private_key_to_der, ffi::i2d_PrivateKey } } impl<T> Clone for PKey<T> { fn clone(&self) -> PKey<T> { PKeyRef::to_owned(self) } } impl<T> PKey<T> { /// Creates a new `PKey` containing an RSA key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_assign_RSA`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_assign_RSA`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_assign_RSA.html pub fn from_rsa(rsa: Rsa<T>) -> Result<PKey<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let evp = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_new())?; let pkey = PKey::from_ptr(evp); cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_assign( pkey.0, ffi::EVP_PKEY_RSA, rsa.as_ptr() as *mut _, ))?; mem::forget(rsa); Ok(pkey) } } /// Creates a new `PKey` containing a DSA key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_assign_DSA`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_assign_DSA`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_assign_DSA.html pub fn from_dsa(dsa: Dsa<T>) -> Result<PKey<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let evp = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_new())?; let pkey = PKey::from_ptr(evp); cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_assign( pkey.0, ffi::EVP_PKEY_DSA, dsa.as_ptr() as *mut _, ))?; mem::forget(dsa); Ok(pkey) } } /// Creates a new `PKey` containing a Diffie-Hellman key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_assign_DH`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_assign_DH`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_assign_DH.html pub fn from_dh(dh: Dh<T>) -> Result<PKey<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let evp = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_new())?; let pkey = PKey::from_ptr(evp); cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_assign( pkey.0, ffi::EVP_PKEY_DH, dh.as_ptr() as *mut _, ))?; mem::forget(dh); Ok(pkey) } } /// Creates a new `PKey` containing an elliptic curve key. /// /// This corresponds to [`EVP_PKEY_assign_EC_KEY`]. /// /// [`EVP_PKEY_assign_EC_KEY`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/EVP_PKEY_assign_EC_KEY.html pub fn from_ec_key(ec_key: EcKey<T>) -> Result<PKey<T>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let evp = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_new())?; let pkey = PKey::from_ptr(evp); cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_assign( pkey.0, ffi::EVP_PKEY_EC, ec_key.as_ptr() as *mut _, ))?; mem::forget(ec_key); Ok(pkey) } } } impl PKey<Private> { /// Creates a new `PKey` containing an HMAC key. /// /// # Note /// /// To compute HMAC values, use the `sign` module. pub fn hmac(key: &[u8]) -> Result<PKey<Private>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { assert!(key.len() <= c_int::max_value() as usize); let key = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_new_mac_key( ffi::EVP_PKEY_HMAC, ptr::null_mut(), key.as_ptr() as *const _, key.len() as c_int, ))?; Ok(PKey::from_ptr(key)) } } /// Creates a new `PKey` containing a CMAC key. /// /// Requires OpenSSL 1.1.0 or newer. /// /// # Note /// /// To compute CMAC values, use the `sign` module. #[cfg(ossl110)] pub fn cmac(cipher: &::symm::Cipher, key: &[u8]) -> Result<PKey<Private>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { assert!(key.len() <= c_int::max_value() as usize); let kctx = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id( ffi::EVP_PKEY_CMAC, ptr::null_mut(), ))?; let ret = (|| { cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(kctx))?; // Set cipher for cmac cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl( kctx, -1, ffi::EVP_PKEY_OP_KEYGEN, ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTRL_CIPHER, 0, cipher.as_ptr() as *mut _, ))?; // Set the key data cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl( kctx, -1, ffi::EVP_PKEY_OP_KEYGEN, ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTRL_SET_MAC_KEY, key.len() as c_int, key.as_ptr() as *mut _, ))?; Ok(()) })(); if let Err(e) = ret { // Free memory ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(kctx); return Err(e); } // Generate key let mut key = ptr::null_mut(); let ret = cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_keygen(kctx, &mut key)); // Free memory ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(kctx); if let Err(e) = ret { return Err(e); } Ok(PKey::from_ptr(key)) } } #[cfg(ossl110)] fn generate_eddsa(nid: c_int) -> Result<PKey<Private>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { let kctx = cvt_p(ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_new_id(nid, ptr::null_mut()))?; let ret = cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_keygen_init(kctx)); if let Err(e) = ret { ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(kctx); return Err(e); } let mut key = ptr::null_mut(); let ret = cvt(ffi::EVP_PKEY_keygen(kctx, &mut key)); ffi::EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(kctx); if let Err(e) = ret { return Err(e); } Ok(PKey::from_ptr(key)) } } /// Generates a new private Ed25519 key #[cfg(ossl111)] pub fn generate_ed25519() -> Result<PKey<Private>, ErrorStack> { PKey::generate_eddsa(ffi::EVP_PKEY_ED25519) } /// Generates a new private Ed448 key #[cfg(ossl111)] pub fn generate_ed448() -> Result<PKey<Private>, ErrorStack> { PKey::generate_eddsa(ffi::EVP_PKEY_ED448) } private_key_from_pem! { /// Deserializes a private key from a PEM-encoded key type specific format. /// /// This corresponds to [`PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey`]. /// /// [`PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey.html private_key_from_pem, /// Deserializes a private key from a PEM-encoded encrypted key type specific format. /// /// This corresponds to [`PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey`]. /// /// [`PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey.html private_key_from_pem_passphrase, /// Deserializes a private key from a PEM-encoded encrypted key type specific format. /// /// The callback should fill the password into the provided buffer and return its length. /// /// This corresponds to [`PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey`]. /// /// [`PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey.html private_key_from_pem_callback, PKey<Private>, ffi::PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey } from_der! { /// Decodes a DER-encoded private key. /// /// This function will automatically attempt to detect the underlying key format, and /// supports the unencrypted PKCS#8 PrivateKeyInfo structures as well as key type specific /// formats. /// /// This corresponds to [`d2i_AutoPrivateKey`]. /// /// [`d2i_AutoPrivateKey`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/crypto/d2i_AutoPrivateKey.html private_key_from_der, PKey<Private>, ffi::d2i_AutoPrivateKey } /// Deserializes a DER-formatted PKCS#8 private key, using a callback to retrieve the password /// if the key is encrpyted. /// /// The callback should copy the password into the provided buffer and return the number of /// bytes written. pub fn private_key_from_pkcs8_callback<F>( der: &[u8], callback: F, ) -> Result<PKey<Private>, ErrorStack> where F: FnOnce(&mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, ErrorStack>, { unsafe { ffi::init(); let mut cb = CallbackState::new(callback); let bio = MemBioSlice::new(der)?; cvt_p(ffi::d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio( bio.as_ptr(), ptr::null_mut(), Some(invoke_passwd_cb::<F>), &mut cb as *mut _ as *mut _, )) .map(|p| PKey::from_ptr(p)) } } /// Deserializes a DER-formatted PKCS#8 private key, using the supplied password if the key is /// encrypted. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics if `passphrase` contains an embedded null. pub fn private_key_from_pkcs8_passphrase( der: &[u8], passphrase: &[u8], ) -> Result<PKey<Private>, ErrorStack> { unsafe { ffi::init(); let bio = MemBioSlice::new(der)?; let passphrase = CString::new(passphrase).unwrap(); cvt_p(ffi::d2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio( bio.as_ptr(), ptr::null_mut(), None, passphrase.as_ptr() as *const _ as *mut _, )) .map(|p| PKey::from_ptr(p)) } } } impl PKey<Public> { from_pem! { /// Decodes a PEM-encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure. /// /// The input should have a header of `-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----`. /// /// This corresponds to [`PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY`]. /// /// [`PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/crypto/PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY.html public_key_from_pem, PKey<Public>, ffi::PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY } from_der! { /// Decodes a DER-encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo structure. /// /// This corresponds to [`d2i_PUBKEY`]. /// /// [`d2i_PUBKEY`]: https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/d2i_PUBKEY.html public_key_from_der, PKey<Public>, ffi::d2i_PUBKEY } } cfg_if! { if #[cfg(any(ossl110, libressl270))] { use ffi::EVP_PKEY_up_ref; } else { unsafe extern "C" fn EVP_PKEY_up_ref(pkey: *mut ffi::EVP_PKEY) { ffi::CRYPTO_add_lock( &mut (*pkey).references, 1, ffi::CRYPTO_LOCK_EVP_PKEY, "pkey.rs\0".as_ptr() as *const _, line!() as c_int, ); } } } #[cfg(test)] mod tests { use dh::Dh; use dsa::Dsa; use ec::EcKey; use nid::Nid; use rsa::Rsa; use symm::Cipher; use super::*; #[test] fn test_to_password() { let rsa = Rsa::generate(2048).unwrap(); let pkey = PKey::from_rsa(rsa).unwrap(); let pem = pkey .private_key_to_pem_pkcs8_passphrase(Cipher::aes_128_cbc(), b"foobar") .unwrap(); PKey::private_key_from_pem_passphrase(&pem, b"foobar").unwrap(); assert!(PKey::private_key_from_pem_passphrase(&pem, b"fizzbuzz").is_err()); } #[test] fn test_encrypted_pkcs8_passphrase() { let key = include_bytes!("../test/pkcs8.der"); PKey::private_key_from_pkcs8_passphrase(key, b"mypass").unwrap(); } #[test] fn test_encrypted_pkcs8_callback() { let mut password_queried = false; let key = include_bytes!("../test/pkcs8.der"); PKey::private_key_from_pkcs8_callback(key, |password| { password_queried = true; password[..6].copy_from_slice(b"mypass"); Ok(6) }) .unwrap(); assert!(password_queried); } #[test] fn test_private_key_from_pem() { let key = include_bytes!("../test/key.pem"); PKey::private_key_from_pem(key).unwrap(); } #[test] fn test_public_key_from_pem() { let key = include_bytes!("../test/key.pem.pub"); PKey::public_key_from_pem(key).unwrap(); } #[test] fn test_public_key_from_der() { let key = include_bytes!("../test/key.der.pub"); PKey::public_key_from_der(key).unwrap(); } #[test] fn test_private_key_from_der() { let key = include_bytes!("../test/key.der"); PKey::private_key_from_der(key).unwrap(); } #[test] fn test_pem() { let key = include_bytes!("../test/key.pem"); let key = PKey::private_key_from_pem(key).unwrap(); let priv_key = key.private_key_to_pem_pkcs8().unwrap(); let pub_key = key.public_key_to_pem().unwrap(); // As a super-simple verification, just check that the buffers contain // the `PRIVATE KEY` or `PUBLIC KEY` strings. assert!(priv_key.windows(11).any(|s| s == b"PRIVATE KEY")); assert!(pub_key.windows(10).any(|s| s == b"PUBLIC KEY")); } #[test] fn test_rsa_accessor() { let rsa = Rsa::generate(2048).unwrap(); let pkey = PKey::from_rsa(rsa).unwrap(); pkey.rsa().unwrap(); assert_eq!(pkey.id(), Id::RSA); assert!(pkey.dsa().is_err()); } #[test] fn test_dsa_accessor() { let dsa = Dsa::generate(2048).unwrap(); let pkey = PKey::from_dsa(dsa).unwrap(); pkey.dsa().unwrap(); assert_eq!(pkey.id(), Id::DSA); assert!(pkey.rsa().is_err()); } #[test] fn test_dh_accessor() { let dh = include_bytes!("../test/dhparams.pem"); let dh = Dh::params_from_pem(dh).unwrap(); let pkey = PKey::from_dh(dh).unwrap(); pkey.dh().unwrap(); assert_eq!(pkey.id(), Id::DH); assert!(pkey.rsa().is_err()); } #[test] fn test_ec_key_accessor() { let ec_key = EcKey::from_curve_name(Nid::X9_62_PRIME256V1).unwrap(); let pkey = PKey::from_ec_key(ec_key).unwrap(); pkey.ec_key().unwrap(); assert_eq!(pkey.id(), Id::EC); assert!(pkey.rsa().is_err()); } }